الخلاصة:
Translation has always been an efficient way to get closer to different cultures and civilizations which constitute the identity and peculiarities of a given nation. One of the areas that reflect the cultural, popular and ideological lore of a nation is fiction. Man has always wanted to defy obstacles between nations; hence, it was necessary to pierce through their culture and understand it to tame or reject it by translating the Other’s literature to know it and introduce it. Fiction translation is undoubtedly a tough task which sometimes fails in transmitting all local peculiarities it includes. Indeed, it happens that translation succeeds in giving a faithful image of the Other’s visions, traditions and habits, as it could fail for different reasons, depending on the conditions in which the translation is produced or on the translator’s personality, etc… Arabic fiction, gives a glaring example of the difficulties of translating Arabic culture to the Other, for the foreign readers receive the culture depicted in Arabic fiction differently, depending on its translation. This l atter may produce a new impact on the reader by translating faithfully the way of life and traditions of the Arabic society changing thus the target reader visions but it could also keep the usual impression and the clichés that the foreigners have about Arabs. That is what we have tried to study in this research by dealing with the way religious and popular aspects which reflect Arabic Muslim culture during World War Two were translated, and the image given to a completely different Western culture which is the French one. Our corpus is one of the most realistic and representative fictions that depict Arabic Muslim culture in general and the Egyptian one, in particular: Passage des miracles of Naguib Mahfouz considered by some critics as Zola of the Nile.
We have approached the concept of culture in fiction and the way it was translated, that is, the way the cultural context in which the fiction took place was rendered through the study of the translation of religious and popular