الخلاصة:
This research studies the problematic of the dynamics of the rural plain areas located in the northeastern coastal states Through the case of plain Annaba, skikda and Jijel , Which is an important laboratory for examining the transformations that are known by the rural plain circles that targeted the eyes of the colonizer in the past, and formed today a break with its past as a result of economic and social accumulation, These areas witnessed a multi-dimensional exodus with the aim of stability, especially the tributaries of immigration due to the forces of industrial attraction in both Annaba and Skikda In the seventies period, As a result of the settlement of major equipment with a regional and national dimension in the Jijel Plain during the eighties and the intensity of that displacement increased during the nineties with the exacerbation of the security crisis in the neighboring mountainous areas, especially the Willow Valley and Jijel Plain On the same land and fabric, a new appearance grew and developed with completely different elements: a new system of organization in terms of population distribution through the tendency to gather in the main and secondary centers, New housing patterns, settling various economic activities, services and equipment, These rural areas have known a growth in the number and sizes of their urban centers and the expansion of their populated area due to the local and external growth forces, planned or automatic, This resulted in an unprecedented spread of uncontrolled rapid urbanization, which devoured a lot of productive agricultural areas, where a number of conflicting activities took place that had effects on the waste of agricultural land and the deterioration of the environmental environment. However, despite this diagnosis, the agricultural activity is still resistant to various pressures, new agricultural trends are adapting to the existing situation away from the programs established within the framework of the embodied irrigated surroundings that operate below
their capacities. The dynamics of growth of small centers in the rural area according to an upward construction from the bottom as a prominent phenomenon in the fields of study has produced a new generation of small centers of varying sizes and jobs. The field reality has proven the existence of manifestations of urban underdevelopment, social exclusion and environmental
degradation. The transformations that have occurred in the fields of study in this context urgently require new ways based on activating the principles of sustainable development and good governance based on comprehensive leadership in order to manage development in a participatory manner based on realism and expediency.
