الخلاصة:
The main objective of this work was the development and the synthesis of complexes of biological and catalytic interest, comprising N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs). In fact, in the first part of this work, we have developed the synthesis of two new series of N-heterocyclic carbenes bearing benzimidazolium and imidazoluim moieties, before proceeding subsequently to the preparation of Pd-NHCs complexes of type PEPPSI and AgNHCs silver complexes from the starting NHCs ligands. All the synthesized complexes are original and obtained with good yields. The second part is devoted to the study of the catalytic and biological power of all the synthesized complexes. First, we evaluated the catalytic effect of palladium complexes in the direct arylation reaction at position C5 and C2 of 2-acetylfuran, 2-acetylthiophene, 2- carboxaldehydefuran and 4,5-dimethylthiazole by aryl halides. We found that all of the palladium complexes gave a very good catalytic effect in the process of activating the C-H bond. The antibacterial activity of salts 2-8 and the corresponding Ag-NHCs 29-34 complexes as well as the anticholinesterase activity (AChE / BChE) performed on all the prepared complexes 18-34 gave promising results. The experimental results of the inhibitory activity of AChE and BChE showed satisfactory agreement with the results of molecular docking.
