Résumé:
Our phytochemical and biological work concerns the aerial parts of two endemic Saharan species belonging to the Fabaceae family: Ononis angustissima Lam. Var and Lotus corniculatus L. Several chromatographic methods were used in our experimental work which allowed us to isolate nineteen products from the butanolic extract of Ononis angustissima Lam. Var. from which two are new, and eight products from Lotus corniculatus L. The structures were established by different spectral methods: nuclear magnetic resonance with different applications (NMR 1H, NMR 13C, DEPT, COSY, HMQC and HMBC), the mass spectrometry, UV, as well as comparison with literature data. The antiproliferative activity tests of the n-butanol extract and the compounds isolated from L. corniculatus were carried out on three cell lines: J774.A1 (murine macrophages monocytes), WEHI-164 (murine fibrosarcoma) and HEK-293 (human epithelial renal cells) have shown that the n-butanol extract and the pharbitoside A compound are the most active against the three cell lines. The two extracts and most of the isolated compounds of Ononis angustissima Lam. Var have excellent activity, so these molecules are considered first class antioxidants compared to reference molecules. They can therefore be used for therapeutic applications. Finally, the quantitative estimate of total polyphenols has shown that these extracts have a high content of polyphenols.
