Résumé:
The extraction and chromatographic purifications (VLC, CC, TLC) of two Algerian medicinal
plants belonging to the Amaranthaceae family (Salsola tetragona and Traganum nudatum) led to
the isolation and identification of 13 products including one new cardenolide and 6 new
compounds in the family. The structures of isolated compounds were established using different
spectral methods of NMR 1D et 2D (1H, 13C, COSY H-H, HMBC, HSQC and NOESY) and mass
spectroscopy ESI-MS. LC-MS/MS analysis of the hydromethanol extract of Traganum nudatum
led to the identification of 10 compounds including 6 phenolic acids and 2 flavonoids. This extract
showed the highest antioxidant activity with four methods: DPPH, ABTS, β-carotene and
CUPRAC. It also exhibited a good photoprotection activity and inhibited more specifically the
growth of Staphylococcus aureus. The butanolic extract of S. tetragona exhibited the best
antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumonia.
