Résumé:
"The chemical study of secondary metabolites of the species Biscutella raphanifolia collected
from Constantine and Zilla macroptera from the region of Ghardaia, allowed, by the use of
different methods of extraction and separation, the isolation of twenty products from which
ten were identified including, four isolated from the n-butanol extract of Biscutella
raphanifolia and seven from the n-butanol extract of Zilla macroptera.
GC and GC/MS analyses of the essential oil of fresh aerial parts of Inula graveolens species
showed that it is mainly characterized by isobornyl acetate (50.8%), borneol (18.3%) and t-
cadinol (6.2%).
GC and GC/MS analyses of the essential oils of fresh aerial parts of Inula viscosa collected
from two different regions are mainly represented by nerolidol (25.3%), isocosticacid
(10.1%), costicacid (8.0%), neo-intermedeol (6.4%) and caryophyllene oxide (5.5%) for the
plant collected at Ain El-Bey (South Constantine) and by isocostic acid(25.1%), costic acid
(15.2%), nerolidol (9.6%), linoleic acid (9.1%), neo-intermedeol (7.5%) and fokienol (7.2%)
for the plant collected at Hamma Bouzianne (Northern Constantine).
The investigation of the biological activities of eight extracts of these two species showed that
the ethyl acetate extract exhibited the best antioxidant activity which may be due to the
presence of phenolic compounds in polar extracts.
Petroleum ether extracts showed the best anti-cholinesterase activity.
The petroleum ether extract of Biscutella raphanifolia exhibited the best antibacterial activity
against ETEC, EPEC and Enterococcus faecalis, while the EHEC strain was more sensitive to
the dichloromethane extract.
The essential oils of Inula viscosa showed the best activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa
and Klebsiella pneumoniae."
