La valorisation des monuments historiques en Algerie

Abstract

Heritage or "patrimonium", with its various aspects, is taking a place more and more vital in the lives of individuals, societies, nations once they realized its value and its issues. Tangible or intangible, the legacy left by past generations is a concrete substance which is experienced. In fact, it constitutes a wealth that should continue because it must be transmitted to future generations. Therefore, every nation is identified from its heritage which tells his story and the history of its territory. Transmission of heritage is, therefore, a major memorial challenge where a set of social and cultural landmarks, is bequeathed from one generation to another. Therefore, it represents a vector of identity between generations.Like other countries, Algeria has a cultural and natural heritage which is rich. If during the colonial period, the image of this heritage was eroticized, perverted and manipulated, today, the heritage is characterized by an effective support from the Algerian state for recovery and conservation. Reflection of the historical, economic, cultural and identity values, the heritage occupies a very affirmed place in the national policy which devotes to it a legal arsenal and a substantial budget. However, the patrimonilization process in Algeria has failures as to the execution of operations conducted for Heritage. Indeed, there are historical monuments that have benefited from the classification procedure, but in reality they are neglected the case of the palate of the Aga in Ferdjioua. Rightly, it is interesting to try to know why these historical monuments are neglected despite their classification. Reflection is focused on this type of classified monuments highlighting the impact and relevance of heritage enhancement. The concept of valorization of the palate of the Aga contains strong ideas of protection. Therefore, it is essential to study aspects related to the protection of this historical monument on the one hand and to the classification as definitive protection procedure which should induce its valorization on the other hand. The palace has potential architectural criteria, with artistic, aesthetic,economic and historical values, which should reflect its present state. This work tries to confront the current state of the monument compared to the effects normally induced by the procedure of its classification in order to detect incompatibilities in the process of its patrimonialization, which have led to its devalorization and putting it at risk. Indeed, the palace of the Aga Ferdjioua, which was built during the Ottoman era, has been classified since 1998 as a national heritage. However, it has not benefited an effective support. Finally, it comes to determining the failure of the strategy adopted by the authorities in order to propose a revalorization of palace through a new strategic vision as to its conservation. It is necessary that this monument could acquire an economic value and social role with a significant social impact ensuring its sustainability. The driving force of the patrimonialization is often related to the (re) valorization and the transformation of the legacy into economic and social resource linking the user to the use value that is most appropriate.