Pollution, amenagement et developpement durable dans les villes littorales

Abstract

Skikda and Béjaia, three Algerian cities which are located in the littoral zone known by its brittleness opposite the various natural factors like anthropic. The three cities summarize the question of the major risk in the Algerian coastal towns; they present a well diversified range of natural risks like technological; one with the other, the nature of risk, the level of its impact and the vulnerability of the city differs. Skikda, which experienced an economic development followed by a very important demographic rise in an accelerated time, is well marked by the industrial risk; indeed, this capital often qualified city of petrochemistry became also a capital of the industrial major risks. In addition to the natural risks, in particular the flood which marks the history of the city, the risks related to the industry of hydrocarbons, become also a mark for the city. By their diversity, these technological risks different enters the fire, the explosion and the pollution which has a durable and chronic impact on the environment and the population of the city. This pollution, generated by the complexes of the industrial park, is multiple forms: used water, solid waste and atmospheric emissions, this form of pollution constitutes the heart of the concern and a source of concern for the state of the local and total environment.