Résumé:
The development of physical principles of production and investigation of conducting polymer
nanocomposites(PNC) is currently an urgent problem of modern material science. The optimization
of significant characteristics of those materials advance them to the front among the materials of the
electric destination. They саn be used in the making the elements of electrical heater,
electromagnetic shields, strain sensors, electrostatic precipitators etc. In comparison with products
which are fabricated from metals and ceramics they have a lot of advantages. PNC possess higher
corrosion resistance and low density. They are easy workable, elastic and fatigue-resistant. The
manufacturing cost of polymer nanocomposite materials (PNCM) is also low. Traditionally,
conductive fillers, such as metallic powders, natural graphite, carbon black etc. are used in PNCM
fabrication. The considerable changes of the percolation threshold (Cc) (Ccis the concentration of
filler in which the “infinite”cluster is form in polymer matrix and composite material becomes
conductive) could be caused by dispersion degree and morphology of the filler particles.
Particularly, Cc ≈ 34 vol.% for conductive compositions filled with equiaxial particles of micron
sizes [1]. Usually, the addition of large amounts of fillers to polymers results in low mechanical
performance of composites. Meanwhile, in a case of PNCMs the value of Cc does not exceed 6
vol.% [2]. Such concentration and nanodimentionality of a conductive component provide even the
improvement rather worsening of the mechanical characteristics [3].
Besides the morphology and dispersion of the powder particles, the uniformity of their distribution
in mixture, adhesive ability, compacting conditions and their influence on the structural changes in
the matrix are the important factors in fabrication of PNCM from powder mixtures. The effect of
such parameters on the characteristics of fluoroplastic (FP) – thermo-exfoliated graphite (TEG)
PNCMs are here reported
