Performances comparées de machines synchrones à aimants permanents et à réluctance variable associées à une chaine de conversion d'energie renouvelable

Abstract

This thesis aims to: study, design and comparison of innovative generators adapted to the conversion of renewable energies, especially wind power in a direct drive. From a power (1.5 MW) and speed (1.55 rad / s) data given, we are dimensioned analytically two innovative topologies of machines to associate with a wind turbine with high power without gearbox. The first topology is a Permanent Magnets Synchronous Machine with Low Speed (PMSMLS) and the second topology is an innovative generator for wind turbine that is the Switched Reluctance Machine with Low Speed (SRMLS), therefore, with large diameters. Start by an analytical model, we calculated the main dimensions of PMSMLS and the SRMLS and simulated operation of the generators from a numerical approach based on the finite element method. Eventually, we performed a comparatives analysis of design equations, volumes, weights and costs of two different topologies of wind turbines generators studied (PMSMLS and the SRMLS). Our work was mainly focused on the permanent magnet generator because this machine seems to be the most cost effective and most widely used in recent years. However, thanks to developments made in different areas and with the high cost of the magnets, the switched reluctance generator interests more researchers and industry for wind generators applications.