Modélisation et simulation de mouvements humains en vue de l’évaluation de l’accessibilité à la préhension pour une personne à mobilité réduite

Abstract

Accessibility housing researches for person with disabilities have developed considerably in recent years. This thesis work is part of LCOMS project created in 1997 which is about the support systems development for person with disabilities. Our thematic: Accessibility and the built environment is one of four thematics which are developed in the same project. In this thesis, we are interested in the accessibility (of reachability and of mobility) assessment processes of maneuvering devices (command and service devices) for wheelchair user within a built environment, according to the protocol: closer toward, reach, handle and operate. The so-called house is accessible, if a three accessibility’s level components are accessible (personal technical aid, technical environment, information and service) and are designed and implemented to satisfy the person with disabilities requirements. In this work, we are proposed simulation tool in order to measuring the parameters linked to the maneuvering objects accessibility. Thanks to this tool and the computational algorithms that we are proposed, we are succeeded to identify the main parameters that affect the accessibility of these objects and the relationships that relating the variation of each one to another. The indoor housing accessibility prescriptive which is used worldwide is not describing accurately persons with disabilities needs. This unreliability is due to a number of factors among them: the ignorance of person’s physical degradation, the wheelchair design and also the approaches that used in rehabilitation or designing of built environment. We are developed an objective approach in order to evaluate accessibility taking into account the accessibility dynamic parameters which are contributing to the manipulation succeeded. The obtained results, allow us primarily to contribute to the accessibility assessment of maneuvering/command/service devices with dynamic powerful tool. This tool is created to allow and help people to easily communicate with rehabilitation engineer about their proposed changes and their views before and after accessibility assessment simulation.