Obtention d'hdrides F1 issues du croisement Aegilops XBlé dur (Triticum durum Desf)

Abstract

Wild related species of Aegilopsare very interesting for wheat breeding programs. They are source of economical useful traits, such as resistance to diseases and abiotic stress, especially resistance to drought, the main limiting factor of wheat production in Algeria. For this aim, three Aegilopsspecies (Aegilops geniculataRoth., Aegilops triuncialisL.andAegilops ventricosaTauch) were crossed with four varietiesof durum wheat Triticum durumDesf. (Montpellier, Waha, Oued Zenati and Vitron). Two hormonal treatments with 2, 4-D (100ppm) and GA3 (75 ppm),were applied respectively, before and after pollinisation to enhance embryo development. Embryos formed were cultured on B5medium, additionnated with Kinetine (0.25 mg/l) and AIB (1 mg/l). Results obtained show differences in crossing affinity between Aegilopsspeciesand durum wheatvarieties. Significant correlation coefficient (r =0.57) indicates the influence of studied parameters on the number of embryos formation. All embryos regenerated green plants having some characters ofAegilopsgenus, witch two achieved development until acclimatation phase. Two hybrid seeds were obtained without embryo rescue, witch the caryopsis are similaire to the female parentones(Aegilops). Electrophoretic diagrams of hybrids, obtained by SDS-PAGE revealed big similarities with those of females parents. Mobilities of each hybrid’s bands are similar to those of correspondent female parent. These results indicate that heritability in this case of interspecific crossing is maternal type.