Exploration des potentialites therapeutiques de la phytopharmacopee traditionnelle algerienne

Abstract

The wound healing potentialities of traditional Algerian phyto-pharmacopeia lie usually in some oily preparations, that their nutritional and pharmacological properties are related to an overall and synergic action of their bioactive constituents. This study resets on measuring of some physico-chemical and phytochemical parameters (chromatography HPlC, GC-MS and LC-MS/MS) of argane oil (HAS), of lipophylic extracts obtained from lentiscus fruits (EHPL) and Barbary fig seeds (EHOFI), and alcoholic extracts (EA) from the three plants, as well as a toxico-pharmacological evaluation of three oily preparations in animal (mousse, rabbit). Obtained hysico-chemical parameters for the three oily preparations are comparable to those published for similar preparation. The phytochemical tests showed the relative high contents In these three plants of lipophylic extracting material; of proteins (EHOFI 28.39, HAS 26.21 and EHPL 23.85%), of unsaturated fatty acids (HAS 88, EHOFI 81.2 and EHPL 74.15%), of unsaponifiable [α-tocophérol (EHOFI 21.34, EHPL 15.8 et HAS 7.44mg/100g) ; et phytostérols (EHPL 261, EHOFI 146, et HAS 134 mg/100g)], of total phenols for EAAS (35.57mg/g) and high total flavonoïds for the three alcoholic extract. The quantification of main constituents showed that EHOFI is riche on -linolénic ac. (57 %), while the fatty acids oleic and linoleic are presents in high quantities in HAS (44.4 et 36,69 %) and EHPL (48.91 et 21,86 %) respectively. -sitostérol is the main constituent for the three oily preparations. EAPL extract showed a dominant presence of gallic ac. (2092,39µg/g), quinic ac. (1519,84 µg/g), while EAOFI showed the presence of quinic ac. (83,57 µg/g) and chlorogénic ac. (16,37µg/g), as high polyphénols contents. On the toxicological part, the three oily products tested on rabbits, are considered non irritant neither on eye and skin, nor on anal mucosa. Their acute toxicity study on mice showed an absence or low down toxicity of the three oily preparations, by oral and intraperitonel routes. The evaluation of wound healing activity of the three oily preparations on excised wounds on rabbits showed less convincing results for EHPL than those obtained for EHOFI and HAS. These two latter treatments promote significantly (p≤0.05*) wound healing process on rabbits wounds during all treatment period