Etude comparative de l’alloxane et de la streptozocine dans le diabète expérimental chez le rat blanc

Abstract

The streptozotocin and alloxan are the moste prominent diabetogenic chemical agents. The objective of the present work was undertaken to clarify the comparative effect of alloxan and streptozotocin on some biochemical parameters (glycemia, Insulin, total cholesterol, triglyceridemia , total proteins) and on histological structure of the endocrine pancreas in white rats with experimental diabetes during (2 - 3 days). The intraperitoneal injection of 250 mg / kg of alloxan causes after 24 h, hypoglycemia followed by a very high significant hyperglycemia (5 g / l), a significant hypertriglycerdemia hyperinsulinemia and hypercholesterolemia wasn’t significant. The treatment with a dose of 200 mg / kg of alloxan showed a hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia but not significant and the level of cholesterol was increased high significantly after 72h. While a dose of 150 mg / kg of alloxan caused ; after 72h, hyperglycemia and hyperinsulinemia, hypercholesterolemia but not significant. The results of treatment with STZ (60 mg / kg) showed a significant hyperglycemia after 24 h, hyperinsulinemia and hypercholesterolemia non significant however the other blood parameters (triglycerdemia, proteinemia) had a similar levels in contrast to control group. Histological sections of the endocrine pancreatic showed a large necrotic regions in rats treated with aloxane than those treated with stz. The results obtained in this study showed that the treatment with alloxan and stz causes stable symptomes of diabetes (polyphagia, polyuria, polydipsia, a fall in body weight, hyperglycemia) with different effects.