Étude des gènes impliqués dans l’apparition du cancer du poumon.

Abstract

Due to its late discovery, bronchopulmonary cancer is a frequent cancer and poorly prognosticated, it may become a major health problem. Improving our knowledge of this cancer has become a major obligation in order to improve patient care with the implementation of appropriate targeted therapy. In this context, we carried out an epidemiological study of the case-control type in order to study the association of certain risk factors and CB in the EastAlgerian population. Then in a second part of our work, we carried out the molecular analysis of three polymorphisms of the TERT, OGG1 and CHRNA5 genes, with the aim of elucidating whether these polymorphisms predispose the population of eastern Algeria to lung cancer not to small cells (NSCLC). To date, no study has considered this association in our population. Materials and methods: The study included 211 healthy people and 169 cases with BC. Genotyping was performed using TaqMan probes and Sanger sequencing. Data were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for covariates. Results: Of the cases studied, 84% were men and 16% women. The majority of patients (94.4%) were diagnosed at advanced stages of the disease, with the predominant symptoms being chest pain, cough, dyspnea, and hemoptysis. Smokers represented 77.3% of cases with a rate of 43.36 packs / year. The mean age at diagnosis was 59.9 years (26 and 80 years) with 55% of our patients having ADK, 28.4% squamous cell carcinoma and 1.8% small cell lung cancer. 8.2% of our patients underwent surgery. The minor allele frequencies (MAFs) of TERT rs2853669, CHRNA5 rs16969968 and OGG1 polymorphisms in controls were C: 20%, A: 31% and G: 29%, respectively. Of the three polymorphisms, none shows a significant association, but the stratified rs1052133analysis rs16969968 showed that people carrying the AA genotype are significantly associated with the risk of adenocarcinoma (pAdj = 0.03, ORAdj = 2.55). Smokers with an AA allele have a greater risk of lung cancer than those with genotype GG or GA (pAdj = 0.03 ORAdj = 3.91), which is not the case for non-smokers. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the CHRNA5 rs16969968 polymorphism is associated with a significant increased risk of pulmonary adenocarcinoma and nicotine dependence.