Etude bio- écologique des Phlébotomes (Diptera, Psychodidae), vecteurs de la Leishmaniose humaine dans la région de Constantine.

Abstract

Phlebotomine (Diptera, Psychodidae) are the only known vectors of Leishmania protozoa responsible for cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis. In Algeria, these infections constitute a real public health problem and monitoring of the evolution of these vectors is still necessary in order to envisage appropriate strategies of struggle. The parasitology service of the University Hospital Center of Constantine (Algeria) has reported several cases of leishmaniasin the areas we prospected. With this in mind, we conducted a study on the biodiversity and chorology of Phlebotomian fauna in the Constantine region. For sampling, we adopted the technique of adhesive traps deposited in various stations. The results of the morpho-taxonomic study of the sandflies collected show the presence of both types of sandflies: Sergentomyia and Phlebotomus. The numberof the species identified is five. Those are Sergentomyia minuta parroti RONDANI, 1843 (52.55%), Phlebotomus perniciosus NEWSTEAD, 1911 (42.33%), Phlebotomusl ongicuspis NITZULESCU, 1930 (4.02%), Phlebotomus perfiliewi PARROT, 1930 (0.97%) and PhlebotomuspapatasiSCOPOLI, 1786 (0.13%). This inventory shows the presence of two species of subgenus Larroussius (P. perfiliewi and P. perniciosus) proven vectors of Leishmaniainfantum responsible for visceral leishmaniasis. P. papatasi is the Leishmania major vector responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis.