Etude systématique de la faune nécrophage d’intérêt médicolégale sur cadavre animal et activité saisonnale des Diptères Calliphoridae

Abstract

Work on forensic entomology is fragmentary and limited in Algeria. Knowing its importance in forensic science, this study contributestothe improvement of the knowledge on the biodiversity of the scavenging fauna and a better understanding of the activity of Diptera, Calliphoridae during the four seasons of the year for this family is considered the most important in dating the Interval Post Mortem (IPM). For these experiments, four dog corpses (Canis) have been used as substrates,each in a different season of the year 2012/2013.The study was conducted in an open space near the laboratory of Biosystematics and Ecology of Arthropods in ChaabatErsas (36 ° 20'16.20 ""N; 6 ° 37'33.32"" E) Constantine, Algeria. One hour after the dogs’ euthanasia, they have been put in a cage covered with an iron fence to protect them from predators.From this moment, daily samples of the adult necrophagous insects present on the corpses and thereabouts have been taken. Daily sampling allowed us to harvest a total of 2132 necrophagous insects belonging mainly to three types namely that of Diptera (43.99%), Coleoptera (55.44%) and Hymenoptera (0.56%). ). 23 necrophagous species have been listed. The analysis of the results reveals that the fauna collected on the corpse in Spring is the most diversified compared to the other three seasons, and that the Diptera Calliphoridae belonging to the genera Lucilia and Chrysomia (green flies) are more adapted to the heat, unlike those belonging to the genus Calliphora (blue flies) which are better adapted to the cold. Moreover, the obtained results reveal that the colonization of the substrate by necrophagous insects varies depending on the seasons and therefore the climatic conditions.