Etude phytochimique et pharmacologique de deux plantes appartenant à la famille des Astéraceae et Fabaceae.

Abstract

The present work was focused on the phytochemical analytical studies and the evaluation of antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities including analgesic and antipyretic activity of two plants belonging to asteraceae and fabaceae families namely O. acanthium and S. junceum. The various preparations of O. acanthium are mainly used against hepatic diseases, hemorrhoids, gastric disorders, gynecological diseases and as antipyretic. While those of S. junceum are cardiotonic, cathartic, diuretic, emetic and purgative. Phytochemical analysis of various parts of both the plants revealed the presence of phenols, flavonoïds, saponins, coumarins, tannins and anthraquinones. Onopordum and Spartium acetate extract had shown strongest antioxidant activity analysed with the DPPH test with IC50 values of 16.19 and 24.32 μg / mL respectively.With the ABTS+ radical cation reduction test, the acetate extract of the Onopordum and Spartium ethanolic flowers displayed IC50 values of 23.71 and 23.49 μg / mL respectively. With the ß-carotene bleaching test, the acetate extract and dichloromethane extract of O. acanthium flowers had IC50 equal to 2.51 and 20.77 respectively whereas the acetate extract of S. junceum had IC50 equal to 24.28 μg / mL. With iron reduction test, antioxidant activity of O. acanthium flowers of acetate extract followed by dichloromethane extract with IC50 value 6.48 and 10.08 respectively whereas butanolic extract of S. junceum leaves and acetate extract of S. junceum flowers showed very interesting activity with IC50 value 13.15 and 14.52 respectively. These extracts have the power to reduce Fe. An in-vivo study have shown an analgesic activity for the BuOH extract of the leaves and stems of O acanthium and S junceum respectively, with a notorious power of protection against abdominal cramps, at the dose of 600 mg / kg, after 25 min pretreatment with BuOH extracts of O acanthium and S junceum had a protective effect against pain comparable to that of aspirin at a dose of 500 mg / kg. The results obtained shown that the butanolic extracts of the two plants at the dose of 900 mg / kg had superior anti-inflammatory activity and highly significant to that of aspirin at 500 mg / kg. In addition, the BuOH extract of O acanthium leaves showed an anti-inflammatory and antipyretic effect. These results demonstrates as a starting point for therapeutic applications.