Analyse de la compétence textuelle réceptive des étudiants de la première année de licence de Français

Abstract

This work has been inscribed at the cross of two fields of research: didactics of written comprehension and textual li nguistics . As an object, it analyses the receptive textual competence, which can be defined as the knowledge of rules and laws that manage the text. This competence is devided into five components: 1 - Knowing the interpretation of themes; 2 - Holding the macro - structures; 3 - Holding the micro - structures; 4 - Recognizing textual types and categories; 5 - Recognizing the characteristics of literature. As it’s difficult to seperate the literay text from a reflection of the receptive textual competence. We have decided to present - in the first part of this work - some characteristics that legitimate the remedy at the literay text as a didactics support. After that, we have proceeded at a conceptual analyze of the notion of receptive textual competence. A t last, we have passed some difficulties relative to comprehension - reception texts. In the second part , we have proceeded to the analyze of receptive textual competence of the first year student to the french language, by using three tools of investiga tion: records, questionnaire and a test designed to students. The obtained results permit us to situate the difficulties that can be fonund by the sudents, and to propose some suscetible ways to help them to develop this fundemental competence. Fina lly, we can say that the appropriation of the receptive textual competence is not dependent ,only, on the “cooperative attitude” of the students during the treatment of infofmation, but - also - on the method of teaching (literary) text which ought to be a d evelopement practice of the (re) construction of meaning( a meaning to be discovered) and not the installation of comprehension capacities( a meaning already - exist).