أزمة دارفور و القانون الدولي الإنساني

Abstract

The crisis in Darfur, the most important crises to which the state of Sudan, and the roots of this crisis decades ago, where it comes from its initial shock of the impact inter-tribal and interactions and numerous intertwined between the internal and international levels this did not prevent the effect of this crisis on analysis of internal instability, rather than the rules of engagement threatened existence of the state, it does not depend on the local parties, but beyond the participation of regional and international parties. The current crisis began with the formation of a coalition of Sudanese tribes which were engaged in a fierce conflict with the Arab tribes of Darfur, backed by Sudanese government forces, and this caused many deaths, in addition to disastrousness both the human and social levels. Since the outbreak of the crisis, the number of displaced persons and refugees come nearly than 1,5 million people, prompting the United Nations to establish an international commission of inquiry to investigate the gross violations of international humanitarian law and war crimes. Hence the importance of this study was to illustrate the extent of the violations of international umanitarian law in Darfur, the Sudanese government's position and the parties to the crisis of the principles of the Act. Most of the reports proved the responsibility of the regulations and the successive governments in Sudan and the Darfur crisis by the accumulation of errors and gaps in the development process. And many parties and internally and external forces are invited to participate in how to overcome this crisis. Although the holding of several conferences and the signing of a number of conventions, and the issuance of a lot of decisions by the United Nations and the African Union and League of Arab States and the other, but the crisis not led to a breakthrough. Thus, a settlement has not affordable at present yet. The agreement with the Darfur crisis is very important, not only the seriousness of the conflict in this region and the resulting devastating variety, or the intractability of the work and efforts to find an appropriate settlement of it, but also because it is one of the crises faced by the Sudanese government and threaten its unity, sovereignty and integrity In the present and the future. There are also several crises that await their turn to get out of the one leashed, both in the East or in the far north, or in other parts of Sudan. The out come of all this dismantling of the state of Sudan is wanted to break it in small groups of states that will never enjoy security and stability.