Techniques de la commande RST et de la commande prédictive appliquées a une génératrice asynchrone autoexcitée (GAAE) pour des sites éoliens isoles.

Abstract

Wind energy occupies a central place among all available renewable energies. Until now, the new technological solutions offered by wind generators are of considerable interest due to their production capacity, their operational stability as well as the possibility of their integration into already existing distribution networks. In this thesis, we presented the experimental validation of the control of a chain for converting wind energy into electrical energy using a Self-Excited Asynchronous Generator (GAEE) equipped with a static converter associated with a DC bus. The electrical energy generated will be intended primarily to supply an isolated site with direct current at a constant voltage, taking into account simultaneous variations in power consumed and wind speed. For this, we worked on the implementation of a new version of vector control with a minimal control structure comprising a single regulation loop, which is derived from indirect vector control called simplified vector control. To make this possible, we introduced a change of variable defined by the ratio between the square of the voltage across the capacitor and the angular speed of the rotor imposed by the wind turbine. The transfer function resulting from the proposed approach is a cascade of first order and pure integration. In order to meet the regulation requirements imposed by this dynamic, our choice was based on two types of regulators whose synthesis is part of linear automation; the first resembles in its dynamics a PI type regulator, while the second constitutes a corrector or a phase advance compensator. Tests by numerical simulation and experimental validation have just supported the validity of the proposed contribution. In order to improve the qualities of this control, we realized that the structure of the developed command is perfectly suited to the use of advanced digital commands and particularly the RST controller as well as the MPC controller.