Déformations tardi-cénozoïques dans la région de Hammam Meskhoutine

Abstract

The assessment of the seismic risk in northern Algeria is one of the main challenges of development in northern Algeria. This thesis focuses on the study of late-Cenozoic deformations in the region of Hammam Meskhoutine. At the regional level, the Neo-Mauretanian is defined as being the summit term of the Mauritanian flysch which includes the MKO and the Nummulitic, the interpretation of deep boreholes, as well as the electric tomography and the monitoring of the working face of the tunnel of the Djebel Kellal, allowed us to confirm the thrust of the Constantinian Neritic water table, finally the finish-Lutetian is determined age of the Atlas phase. At the local level, after the elaboration of a new geological map of Hammam Meskoutine, a multidisciplinary and multi-scalar approach was adopted in order to identify the neotectonic deformations, which consists in the identification of the morpho-geological and hydrographic particularities, and the mapping of linear anomalies. The plane relief evolution is understood by the development of the DEM and its derived maps, which allowed the morphological characterization of the structural relief and the statistical analysis of these parameters. The morpho-geological sections provide interesting lessons on the vertical evolution of the relief and the relationship between morphology and tectonics. The linearity index of streams defined in this thesis, as well as the other morphometric indices used here as markers of neotectonics, made it possible to distinguish active areas. The tectonic nature of some lineaments has been confirmed by the processing and interpretation of aeromagnetic data. The correlation of optical images and radar interferometry allowed the identification of the seismic faults responsible for the earthquakes of 11/22/2020 and 04/01/2021.