Conception et évaluation des performances des centrales éoliennes.

Abstract

The installation of wind farms to benefit from wind energy as a renewable energy makes a crucial importance. The study of the wind energy conversion system, the definition of the suitable location of the site and the distribution of the turbines makes it possible to achieve both: the cost effectiveness and the improvement of the energy efficiency. For this purpose, this thesis aims to illustrate the different parameters affecting the efficiency and energy quality supplied to the principal main grid through the wind farms during their design. In order to achieve this goal, an illustration of the different steps and the different parameters involved during the design of wind farms are discussed. The modeling and the study of the energy resources of the site makes it possible to forecast the capacity of the site concerned for the power station. In this contest, an effective solution has been proposed for the design and evaluation of the performances of the wind farm systems. The platform has been designed for the study of energy resources and the determination of a suitable location for the installation of the wind farm as required. The application of the CFD study allows the evaluation of the capacity for the selected site and the determination of the net generated power. The meteorological data provided by various weather forecast stations was used in order to guarantee a precise study during the design process. The results illustrated by the platform allow the prediction of the optimal distribution of the different turbines constituting the farm from a side, and to have a global view on the total capacity with the different introduced losses which could affect the wind power system performances. At another stage, for the improvement of the individual efficiency for each used turbine, the modeling, the control and the simulation of a wind generator consisting of a wind turbine, a permanent magnet synchronous machine, a matrix converter and a control block were achieved. The basic concept for the matrix converter has been illustrated and the different control techniques like the symmetric and non symmetric SVM technique with an optimized switching sequences and the MPPT (Maximum Power Point Tracking) command have been applied to the control block. In another stage, a novel hybrid MPC-DPC-MVF control technique has been applied to improve the performances of the matrix converter through the direct control of the power flowing through the system associated with a predictive control. Within the APERT GROUP laboratory (UPV / EHU Research Center in Basque Country Spain) the implementation results and the validation of the proposed command applied with a

Summary reliability study on a matrix converter system were illustrated. In order to improve the performances of wind farms, a study of an offshore hybrid power station for the coastal region of Bejaia was illustrated. Based on four different generation systems: solar, wind, OWC and a battery storage system. The installation of the wind power plant and the distribution of the wind turbines has been carried out, the performance study of the OWC system or oscillating water column has been modeled and realized and the management of all the systems through a proposed solution based on the use of a two stage interleaved converter has been completed. In addition, the simulation and the experimental results obtained from the proposed system applied to an energy storage system based on Lead-Acid batteries of large capacity illustrate effectiveness of the proposed control system to ensure the stability of the generated power delivered to the main grid.